1. Language identity and geographic background

ANLHE Solomon Islands linguistic identity audit (November 2026): Ulawa is an Oceanic Austronesian language of Ulawa Island and surrounding communities. It is closely related to Sa’a of southern Malaita, but should remain separately documented: similar traditional narratives or word forms in older mission materials do not permit assuming the same dialect, orthography or historical sound change. Language inventory and classification reference.

Ulawa is a distinct Southeast Solomonic Oceanic language of Ulawa Island. Ivens’s 1918 book treats it jointly with Saʻa because of historical relatedness; this editorial convenience must not erase differences in sound structure, vocabulary and grammar. Ulawa’s geographic name appears as Ulava or Ulaua in some older writing, but Ivens specifically rejects those spellings. Associated region: Ulawa Island, Solomon Islands. ISO 639-3 identifier: ula. This identifier is archival metadata, not a vocabulary word.

2. Historical scholarship and documentary timeline

Ivens documented Ulawa and Saʻa together in 1918 and discussed contemporary language contacts with Ugi and San Cristobal. His numerical population statements describe conditions a century ago and should never be presented as current population data. The same source explicitly differentiates a number of Ulawa lexical senses from those in Saʻa.

Historical source labels and dated population claims must never be treated as verified present-day demographic facts. Authors, community contributors, digital transcribers and editors have different roles and should be credited independently.

3. Writing, sound systems and source transcription

Ivens wrote that Ulawa lacks the sound v and contrasted island-name spellings accordingly. The historical word spelling must be interpreted against his own source conventions. His note on correspondences with Lau, where w may be represented differently, is comparative evidence rather than a rule to be applied to every vocabulary item.

Old Latin script conventions, phonetic notation and contemporary spelling practices are not necessarily equivalent. The existence of a historical grammar does not establish the existence of an ancient native alphabet.

4. Original grammar and documented constructions

The historical source describes noun, pronoun and attached object-marker constructions in both Ulawa and Saʻa while marking differences. It contrasts the relative specialization of Saʻa with Ulawa in vocabulary and syntax, giving a good basis for a carefully sourced comparative lesson.

Grammatical generalizations must be tested against original examples. Reconstructing a plausible sentence by combining related languages’ vocabulary would be misleading and is excluded.

5. Selected source-grounded lexical evidence

These entries are limited to forms documented in the cited research or explicitly identified names and metadata; they do not constitute a complete phrasebook.

• nima: both house and bowl in Ulawa as contrasted by Ivens.
• ʻusu: fall in Ulawa as contrasted by Ivens.
• Ulawa: historical and present island-language name.

For future teaching dialogues, original text, context, exact gloss, phonological interpretation and source location must be cross-checked before publication.

6. Language, cultural history and community knowledge

Oral narratives, maritime life, local place names, family relations and language contact offer relevant contextual themes. Research should not treat colonial-period accounts as a timeless description of local speech or community life. Permissions, intellectual attribution and appropriate forms of community review are integral to language preservation.

7. Scholarly bibliography and accessible primary records

1. Walter G. Ivens (1918), Dictionary and Grammar of the Language of Sa’a and Ulawa. https://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/ivens_dictionary_preface.html
2. Biodiversity Heritage Library, Ivens 1918 scanned bibliographic edition. https://field.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/185338
3. Ivens 1918 original contextual appendix and language comparisons. https://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/ivens_dictionary_app03.html

These named works ground the page’s documentary claims. The full individual teaching examples must be checked against exact pages or dictionary records rather than inferred from an index alone.

8. Distinctive language-focused research themes

1. Ulawa Island community
2. Ivens 1918 joint dictionary
3. Saʻa contrast
4. Ulawa island-name spellings
5. absence of v in Ivens’s analysis
6. Ulawa nima polysemy
7. historical object pronouns
8. contacts with Ugi
9. related Malaita language forms
10. community corpus verification

9. Nine-module, ninety-lesson research framework

The modules progress from language identity and transcription to grammar, text analysis, comparative scholarship and community-led archival practice. Topics requiring new evidence are explicitly framed as investigations, not unsupported facts.

Module 1: Linguistic identity and original documentation — Lessons 1–10

Unique source anchor: Ulawa Island community; relevant further topic: Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

1. Lesson 1: Community name and locality — Ulawa Island community. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
2. Lesson 2: Language genealogy — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
3. Lesson 3: Similar names in other regions — Saʻa contrast. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
4. Lesson 4: Earliest named research source — Ulawa island-name spellings. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
5. Lesson 5: Research and publication chronology — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
6. Lesson 6: Named contributor roles — Ulawa nima polysemy. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
7. Lesson 7: Comparative source limitations — historical object pronouns. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
8. Lesson 8: Source-dated settlement evidence — contacts with Ugi. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
9. Lesson 9: Archive edition identification — related Malaita language forms. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
10. Lesson 10: Full bibliographic metadata — community corpus verification. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 2: Alphabet, phonology and historical orthography — Lessons 11–20

Unique source anchor: Ivens 1918 joint dictionary; relevant further topic: Saʻa contrast. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

11. Lesson 11: Original spelling conventions — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
12. Lesson 12: Documented consonants — Saʻa contrast. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
13. Lesson 13: Documented vowels — Ulawa island-name spellings. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
14. Lesson 14: Syllabification evidence — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
15. Lesson 15: Stress and prosody — Ulawa nima polysemy. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
16. Lesson 16: Vowel alternations where cited — historical object pronouns. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
17. Lesson 17: Source-specific diacritics — contacts with Ugi. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
18. Lesson 18: Phonemic versus phonetic notation — related Malaita language forms. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
19. Lesson 19: Community writing conventions — community corpus verification. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
20. Lesson 20: Source-based pronunciation portfolio — Ulawa Island community. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 3: Attested lexicon and semantic interpretation — Lessons 21–30

Unique source anchor: Saʻa contrast; relevant further topic: Ulawa island-name spellings. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

21. Lesson 21: Dictionary identification — Saʻa contrast. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
22. Lesson 22: Original-language headwords — Ulawa island-name spellings. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
23. Lesson 23: Body terminology — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
24. Lesson 24: Kinship vocabulary — Ulawa nima polysemy. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
25. Lesson 25: Natural environments — historical object pronouns. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
26. Lesson 26: Sea and travel expressions — contacts with Ugi. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
27. Lesson 27: Food and subsistence — related Malaita language forms. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
28. Lesson 28: Numerals and counting — community corpus verification. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
29. Lesson 29: Borrowing and semantic change — Ulawa Island community. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
30. Lesson 30: Ten documented lexical entries — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 4: Pronouns, articles and noun phrases — Lessons 31–40

Unique source anchor: Ulawa island-name spellings; relevant further topic: absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

31. Lesson 31: Personal pronouns — Ulawa island-name spellings. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
32. Lesson 32: Person and number — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
33. Lesson 33: Inclusive and exclusive reference — Ulawa nima polysemy. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
34. Lesson 34: Dual or other number if attested — historical object pronouns. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
35. Lesson 35: Definite and indefinite marking — contacts with Ugi. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
36. Lesson 36: Demonstratives — related Malaita language forms. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
37. Lesson 37: Possessive markers — community corpus verification. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
38. Lesson 38: Object pronouns — Ulawa Island community. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
39. Lesson 39: Nominal modifier order — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
40. Lesson 40: Attested noun phrase annotation — Saʻa contrast. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 5: Verbal and clause morphology — Lessons 41–50

Unique source anchor: absence of v in Ivens’s analysis; relevant further topic: Ulawa nima polysemy. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

41. Lesson 41: Verb classes — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
42. Lesson 42: Transitive morphology — Ulawa nima polysemy. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
43. Lesson 43: Aspect evidence — historical object pronouns. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
44. Lesson 44: Temporal interpretation — contacts with Ugi. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
45. Lesson 45: Negation patterns — related Malaita language forms. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
46. Lesson 46: Questions and commands — community corpus verification. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
47. Lesson 47: Object marking — Ulawa Island community. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
48. Lesson 48: Clause constituent order — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
49. Lesson 49: Complex clause relations — Saʻa contrast. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
50. Lesson 50: Original clause analysis — Ulawa island-name spellings. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 6: Reading, translating and discussing original texts — Lessons 51–60

Unique source anchor: Ulawa nima polysemy; relevant further topic: historical object pronouns. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

51. Lesson 51: Locate original texts — Ulawa nima polysemy. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
52. Lesson 52: Identify speaker or editor — historical object pronouns. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
53. Lesson 53: Preserve source orthography — contacts with Ugi. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
54. Lesson 54: Segment a short passage — related Malaita language forms. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
55. Lesson 55: Gloss grammatical markers — community corpus verification. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
56. Lesson 56: Literal translation — Ulawa Island community. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
57. Lesson 57: Contextual translation — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
58. Lesson 58: Discourse particles — Saʻa contrast. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
59. Lesson 59: Cultural interpretation — Ulawa island-name spellings. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
60. Lesson 60: Evidence-based commentary — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 7: Historical comparison and contact — Lessons 61–70

Unique source anchor: historical object pronouns; relevant further topic: contacts with Ugi. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

61. Lesson 61: Subgroup relationships — historical object pronouns. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
62. Lesson 62: Check apparent cognates — contacts with Ugi. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
63. Lesson 63: Historical sound correspondences — related Malaita language forms. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
64. Lesson 64: Loanword diagnosis — community corpus verification. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
65. Lesson 65: Contact and multilingualism — Ulawa Island community. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
66. Lesson 66: Old and new source differences — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
67. Lesson 67: Dialect variation — Saʻa contrast. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
68. Lesson 68: Archival evidence biases — Ulawa island-name spellings. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
69. Lesson 69: Limits of reconstruction — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
70. Lesson 70: Documented comparative report — Ulawa nima polysemy. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 8: Community stewardship and living language — Lessons 71–80

Unique source anchor: contacts with Ugi; relevant further topic: related Malaita language forms. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

71. Lesson 71: Community language knowledge — contacts with Ugi. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
72. Lesson 72: Historical versus contemporary use — related Malaita language forms. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
73. Lesson 73: Speaker and contributor credit — community corpus verification. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
74. Lesson 74: Educational literacy work — Ulawa Island community. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
75. Lesson 75: Ecological vocabulary — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
76. Lesson 76: Ceremonial and social registers — Saʻa contrast. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
77. Lesson 77: Recording consent — Ulawa island-name spellings. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
78. Lesson 78: Text reproduction rights — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
79. Lesson 79: Community review process — Ulawa nima polysemy. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
80. Lesson 80: Sustainable documentation — historical object pronouns. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

Module 9: Advanced research dossier — Lessons 81–90

Unique source anchor: related Malaita language forms; relevant further topic: community corpus verification. Each assessment requires the original transcription, accurate source metadata and a documented inference boundary.

81. Lesson 81: Verify bibliography — related Malaita language forms. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
82. Lesson 82: Build orthography chart — community corpus verification. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
83. Lesson 83: Prepare phonological analysis — Ulawa Island community. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
84. Lesson 84: Compile verified vocabulary — Ivens 1918 joint dictionary. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
85. Lesson 85: Pronoun evidence report — Saʻa contrast. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
86. Lesson 86: Verb evidence report — Ulawa island-name spellings. State what the historical grammar actually establishes, marking later scholarly inference separately from its original terminology. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
87. Lesson 87: Annotate a source passage — absence of v in Ivens’s analysis. Find an attested language-specific headword or passage and record original spelling, bibliographic edition and exact entry or page before analysis. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
88. Lesson 88: Comparative study — Ulawa nima polysemy. Prepare a two-column source and interpretation table and explain any uncertainty from dialect, translation or editorial practice. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
89. Lesson 89: Research ethics plan — historical object pronouns. Design an evidence-based exercise with a clearly specified original dictionary, grammar or community recording to verify it. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.
90. Lesson 90: Final ninety-objective portfolio — contacts with Ugi. Contrast a secure source observation with another historically described variety without inventing new speech forms. Assessment: an auditable evidence record, original commentary and an uncertainty note.

10. Standards and publication status

Ninety separately specified documentary study objectives are included; ninety complete textbooks, lectures, native-language conversations or audio courses are not claimed. No unsupported language forms or demographic guesses are represented as verified. Further development requires original-source excerpts with citation and appropriate community or copyright permissions.