1. Language identity and historic geography

ANLHE New Ireland and Solomon Islands classification audit (November 2026): Barok (ISO 639-3 bjk) is a separately catalogued Oceanic language of New Ireland. Comparative classifications have at times placed Barok in the Patpatar–Tolai subgroup, while other classifications place it in Madak; this is a question of internal subgrouping and does not make Barok interchangeable with its neighboring languages. The source and subgrouping scheme should be stated when presenting genealogy. Comparative language documentation.

Barok is documented in central and southern New Ireland, Papua New Guinea. Its ISO 639-3 identifier is bjk. Language-family classifications belong to the Austronesian Oceanic sphere, but geographical and genealogical proximity do not establish mutual identity between neighboring languages. Academic and community terminology must be attributed to its original source.

2. Historical scholarship and attribution

Barok is an Oceanic language with its own documented linguistic identity, distinct from Tolai and neighboring New Ireland varieties. Du Jingyi supplied a 2007 archive of numerals showing a quinary-decimal system. The source identifies the forms for hundreds and thousands as borrowings from Tolai, an example of contact rather than simple inheritance. The archive’s older speaker estimate is not a current verified census.

Language origin, documented speech, collection date, scholarly publication and modern speaker population are separate categories of evidence. This guide does not treat old speaker figures as current or infer historical origins from the date of a grammar.

3. Writing systems and phonology

The numeral archive uses phonetic characters such as ŋ, which must not be silently converted into a presumed local spelling. Historical and present-day alphabet conventions must be established with separate source evidence.

Source spelling, IPA transcription, phonological analysis and ordinary modern writing must be distinguished. Historical Latin-letter transcription is not evidence of an ancient separately documented indigenous script.

4. Authentic grammatical observations

An attested additive construction for 6 is pitno ma oŋ, literally five and one in the documented numeral paradigm. For 20 the archive records ni ne saŋaun; morphological analysis beyond what the source explains should remain explicitly provisional. Other grammar and pronoun paradigms require independent original sources.

Pronouns, possession, verbal constructions and sentence patterns must be supported with source-specific primary examples before they are presented as validated grammar. A research topic does not constitute an attested grammar rule.

5. Small evidence-based language and metadata sample

• oŋ: one.
• ninoŋ: two; archive also records ni.
• narun: three.
• nit: four.
• pitno: five.
• saŋaun: ten.
• pitno ma oŋ: six (five and one).

Only these limited source-attributed forms and clearly identified catalogue codes are provided. They must not be recombined to manufacture full conversational phrases.

6. Social history, cultural context and interpretation

Local environments, island mobility, oral traditions, family relations and multilingual contact can contextualize lexical and grammatical evidence. This does not license general claims about contemporary community beliefs or ways of speaking without independently documented interviews or recordings. Rights and speaker acknowledgment apply to any future republishing of full stories.

7. Named bibliographic and source register

1. Du Jingyi, Barok numeral data, 11 May 2007. https://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/channumerals/Barok.htm
2. SIL Papua New Guinea, New Ireland language inventory. https://pnglanguages.sil.org/resources/provinces/province/New%20Ireland

These entries enable independent verification of the cited facts. A bibliography does not authenticate invented examples and some languages lack a publicly reviewed full grammar.

8. Ninety evidence-based study objectives

Nine modules of ten individual lessons progress from original-source literacy through phonetic observation, lexicography, grammatical research, documentary reading, comparison, community ethics and a final portfolio. When the verified corpus is limited, the assignments prioritize archival and speaker verification over speculation.

Module 1: Documentary identity and history — Lessons 1–10

Language-specific focus: Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Secondary anchor: quinary counting. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

1. Lesson 1: endonym and exonym — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
2. Lesson 2: island or village distribution — quinary counting. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
3. Lesson 3: Oceanic subgroup — decimal grouping. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
4. Lesson 4: local dialect boundaries — Tolai lexical borrowing. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
5. Lesson 5: bibliographic origins — ŋ in transcription. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
6. Lesson 6: dated primary records — one through five. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
7. Lesson 7: author and speaker credits — numbers six to nine. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
8. Lesson 8: documentary genres — ten to twenty. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
9. Lesson 9: historical limitations — historical regional contact. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
10. Lesson 10: scholarly source chart — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 2: Script and phonological description — Lessons 11–20

Language-specific focus: quinary counting. Secondary anchor: decimal grouping. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

11. Lesson 11: alphabet provenance — quinary counting. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
12. Lesson 12: attested consonants — decimal grouping. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
13. Lesson 13: attested vowels — Tolai lexical borrowing. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
14. Lesson 14: length distinctions — ŋ in transcription. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
15. Lesson 15: phonemic versus orthographic form — one through five. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
16. Lesson 16: word segmentation — numbers six to nine. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
17. Lesson 17: prosody evidence — ten to twenty. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
18. Lesson 18: historical spellings — historical regional contact. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
19. Lesson 19: audio pronunciation evidence — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
20. Lesson 20: transcription assessment — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 3: Lexicon and numerical semantics — Lessons 21–30

Language-specific focus: decimal grouping. Secondary anchor: Tolai lexical borrowing. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

21. Lesson 21: primary dictionary sources — decimal grouping. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
22. Lesson 22: numeral inventory — Tolai lexical borrowing. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
23. Lesson 23: compositional counting — ŋ in transcription. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
24. Lesson 24: kinship words — one through five. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
25. Lesson 25: body-related terms — numbers six to nine. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
26. Lesson 26: natural environment vocabulary — ten to twenty. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
27. Lesson 27: ocean vocabulary — historical regional contact. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
28. Lesson 28: movement expressions — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
29. Lesson 29: borrowings — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
30. Lesson 30: annotated mini-lexicon — quinary counting. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 4: Nominal and person marking — Lessons 31–40

Language-specific focus: Tolai lexical borrowing. Secondary anchor: ŋ in transcription. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

31. Lesson 31: noun phrase evidence — Tolai lexical borrowing. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
32. Lesson 32: pronoun person — ŋ in transcription. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
33. Lesson 33: number distinctions — one through five. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
34. Lesson 34: inclusive and exclusive if attested — numbers six to nine. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
35. Lesson 35: demonstratives — ten to twenty. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
36. Lesson 36: possessive patterns — historical regional contact. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
37. Lesson 37: inalienable relations — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
38. Lesson 38: adjectival modifiers — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
39. Lesson 39: case or argument roles — quinary counting. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
40. Lesson 40: nominal text annotation — decimal grouping. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 5: Verbs and clause grammar — Lessons 41–50

Language-specific focus: ŋ in transcription. Secondary anchor: one through five. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

41. Lesson 41: verb identification — ŋ in transcription. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
42. Lesson 42: transitive constructions — one through five. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
43. Lesson 43: aspectual marking — numbers six to nine. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
44. Lesson 44: temporal reference — ten to twenty. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
45. Lesson 45: negative markers — historical regional contact. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
46. Lesson 46: questions — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
47. Lesson 47: requests and imperatives — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
48. Lesson 48: clause order — quinary counting. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
49. Lesson 49: coordination — decimal grouping. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
50. Lesson 50: source-based clause analysis — Tolai lexical borrowing. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 6: Original documents and translation — Lessons 51–60

Language-specific focus: one through five. Secondary anchor: numbers six to nine. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

51. Lesson 51: source passage choice — one through five. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
52. Lesson 52: speaker and date — numbers six to nine. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
53. Lesson 53: verbatim transcription — ten to twenty. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
54. Lesson 54: morphological segmentation — historical regional contact. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
55. Lesson 55: gloss alignment — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
56. Lesson 56: translation context — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
57. Lesson 57: narrative ordering — quinary counting. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
58. Lesson 58: genre and register — decimal grouping. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
59. Lesson 59: cultural interpretation — Tolai lexical borrowing. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
60. Lesson 60: critical commentary — ŋ in transcription. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 7: Comparison, variation and contact — Lessons 61–70

Language-specific focus: numbers six to nine. Secondary anchor: ten to twenty. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

61. Lesson 61: cognate controls — numbers six to nine. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
62. Lesson 62: sound correspondences — ten to twenty. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
63. Lesson 63: separate-language evidence — historical regional contact. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
64. Lesson 64: dialect variation — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
65. Lesson 65: loanword verification — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
66. Lesson 66: historic orthography comparison — quinary counting. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
67. Lesson 67: migration claims — decimal grouping. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
68. Lesson 68: source chronology — Tolai lexical borrowing. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
69. Lesson 69: uncertain reconstructions — ŋ in transcription. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
70. Lesson 70: comparative research product — one through five. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 8: Language community and research ethics — Lessons 71–80

Language-specific focus: ten to twenty. Secondary anchor: historical regional contact. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

71. Lesson 71: speaker agency — ten to twenty. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
72. Lesson 72: community archive rights — historical regional contact. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
73. Lesson 73: place-name stewardship — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
74. Lesson 74: traditional knowledge — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
75. Lesson 75: language transmission — quinary counting. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
76. Lesson 76: multilingual contact — decimal grouping. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
77. Lesson 77: consent and citation — Tolai lexical borrowing. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
78. Lesson 78: publishing permissions — ŋ in transcription. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
79. Lesson 79: education and literacy — one through five. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
80. Lesson 80: community feedback — numbers six to nine. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

Module 9: Research and assessment portfolio — Lessons 81–90

Language-specific focus: historical regional contact. Secondary anchor: uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Maintain direct and indirect evidence in separate records and label unresolved features.

81. Lesson 81: bibliography dossier — historical regional contact. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
82. Lesson 82: authentic phonetic table — uncertainty outside numeral corpus. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
83. Lesson 83: orthography concordance — Du Jingyi’s Barok record. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
84. Lesson 84: lexical attestations — quinary counting. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
85. Lesson 85: pronoun research report — decimal grouping. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
86. Lesson 86: verbal evidence report — Tolai lexical borrowing. Use only verified forms from this language, contrasting transcription with interpretation, without borrowing invented paradigms from related languages. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
87. Lesson 87: annotated original excerpt — ŋ in transcription. Create a source table of observation, analytical hypothesis, alternative reading and the evidence required to decide between them. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
88. Lesson 88: comparison note — one through five. Assess the historical and geographic limits of the named material, including narrator, editorial conventions and possible contact. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
89. Lesson 89: ethics declaration — numbers six to nine. Prepare an academically useful commentary and a testable language-specific research question, explicitly marking what remains unverified. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.
90. Lesson 90: final ninety-objective synthesis — ten to twenty. Locate a specific original entry or passage and record author, date, variety, spelling, reference location and supported translation. If absent, document the source gap. Assessment: a traced source, independently explained linguistic observation and uncertainty statement.

9. Academic integrity and completion status

Ninety study topics and research assessments are present. Ninety completed full lessons, book chapters, recordings or validated dialogues are not claimed. Unverified speech forms and speculative ancient writing systems have been excluded. Further curriculum expansion requires exact pages or archival recordings and, where practicable, community-led checking.